This course is for students who have no previous background in Modern Chinese (Mandarin). The pronunciation is that of Peking. Skills in comprehension, reading, and writing are developed, but emphasis is on speaking.

This is the continuation of the study of Chinese, developing and strengthening skills in comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing. The pronunciation taught is that of Peking. Emphasis is on speaking. Prerequisite: CHI 101 or departmental approval

This course includes a review of grammar plus the study of Chinese civilization and selected readings in Chinese literature. Self-expression through oral and written reports is emphasized. Prerequisite: CHI 102 or departmental approval

This is an intensive writing and reading course in Chinese language. While developing integrated language skills, it emphasizes writing and critical analysis of content materials. The texts concentrate on Chinese contemporary and classical literary writings, as well as texts treating Chinese culture and history. Prerequisite: CHI 200 or departmental approval

A study of 20th century Chinese literary development, this course examines the literary writings, major authors and literary movements in cultural and historical contexts. The course also reviews the development of China¿s ethnic minority literature, the growth of popular literature, and the evolution of regional literature. Course readings include selected writings from four historical periods: 1900-16, 1917-49, 1949-85 and 1986-2000. Written projects and oral reports are required. Prerequisite: CHI 210 or departmental approval or any other 400-level Chinese course, except CHI 476

This is a study abroad course that further develops students¿ Chinese language skills and expands their knowledge of Chinese culture and social development. The course is offered as the major part of the Study-Abroad-in-China Program, which includes a combination of class meetings, seminars and field trips to places of historic interest and cultural importance. The course provides opportunities for students to gain first-hand experience about contemporary Chinese cultural life. While participating in skill-based language learning activities that improve students¿ competence in listening, speaking, readng and writing, the course gives students opportunities to attend lectures that provide information about Chinese cultural patterns, customs, literature, history, social development and traditions of art and music. The course adopts a unique transcultural-linguistic approach to instruction that efficiently facilitates and enhances the learning of Chinese language and culture. Prerequisite: CHI 102 or above, or proficiency in CHI 102 as determined by the Modern Languages Department placement test and at least 3 credits in a foreign language taught at CUNY.

This is a course for students who have had no previous background in German. Grammar is taught inductively and simple texts are read. Skills in comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing are developed.

In this continuation of German I, grammar, composition, conversation, reading and analysis of simple literary texts are covered. Prerequisite: GER 101 or departmental approval

This is a course for students who have had no previous background in German. Grammar is taught inductively and simple texts are read. Skills in comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing are developed.

In this continuation of German I, grammar, composition, conversation, reading and analysis of simple literary texts are covered. Prerequisite: GER 101 or departmental approval

This course is for students who have had no previous background in Italian. Grammar is taught inductively and simple texts are read. Skills in comprehension, speaking, reading and writing are developed.

In this continuation of Italian I, grammar, composition, conversation, and reading of Italian texts are covered. Prerequisite: ITL 101 or departmental approval

This liberal arts elective is an introduction to the evolution and development of Italian culture and civilization through the literary and artistic features, geared to the understanding of present day problems of modern European Italy and the Italian-American people. Readings are in English, and term papers are in English.

Study in this course includes a review of grammar and of composition. Modern prose is read, discussed and analyzed.

This intensive writing course emphasizes comprehension, writing, and analysis of Italian contemporary and classical texts.

This course is for students who have had no previous background in Spanish. Grammar is taught inductively and simple texts are read. Speaking, reading and writing are emphasized

In this continuation of Spanish I, grammar, composition and oral comprehension are developed and supplemented by readings or Spanish texts. Students who have taken SPN 103 will not receive credit for this course. Prerequisite: SPN 101 or departmental approval

This is an elementary Spanish course for students who can speak Spanish but have no formal training in the language. Students who have taken SPN 101 and/or SPN 102 will not receive credit for this course. Prerequisite: Knowledge of spoken Spanish and departmental approval

Designed primarily for Health/Medical area students, this course emphasizes the practice of conversation based on medical terminology and useful expressions and idioms. Classes will be assigned according to the student’s background in Spanish. Use is made of the language laboratory.

This course for non-native speaking students may follow the two semester sequence in Spanish. It is designed to build confidence and competence in conversing in Spanish. Prerequisite: SPN 102 or departmental approval

Study in this course includes a review of grammar and reading plus discussion of selected works by modern authors. Self-expression through oral and written reports is emphasized. Prerequisite: SPN 102 or SPN 103 or departmental approval

This intensive writing course emphasizes comprehension, writing, and analysis of contemporary and classical texts. Prerequisite: SPN 200 or departmental approval

This course introduces students to a representative sampling of Latin American women writers from the colonial period to the twentieth century. The course will disseminate a body of literature, which is represented minimally in Hispanic literature courses. Feminism, machismo, motherhood, sexual and political activism and the role of women as writers are some of the issues that will be explored and discussed during the semester.

This course is a survey of major trends in Spanish-American theatre from Pre-Columbian times to the present with emphasis on 20th century theatre. Among the authors who will be studied are: Gonz¿lez Eslava, Ruiz de Alarc¿n, Sor Juana In¿s de la Cruz, Florencio S¿nchez, Rodolfo Usigli, Egon Wolff, Augusto Boal, Jos¿ Triana, Jorge D¿az, Luis Raphael S¿nchez, Griselda Gambaro, Isadora Aguirre. Written and oral reports are required. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval, or any 400 level Spanish course except SPN 476

This course is an introduction to Spanish theatre through the reading and analysis of the major playwrites—Lope de Vega, Calderon, Moratin, El Duque de Rivas, Galdos, Benavente—from the Seventeenth Century to the generation of 1898. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval, or any 400 level course except SPN 476

This course is an in-depth study of the poetry of representative Spanish poets with emphasis on the generation of 1927. Poets studied include G¿ngora, B¿cquer, Machado, Alberti, Lorca, Le¿n Felipe, and Jos¿ A. Goytisolo. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval, or any 400 level course except SPN 476

A chronological study is made of Spanish literature against its cultural and ideological background. Major works by representative writers from the Middle Ages to the end of the Golden Age are read and analyzed. Readings include selections from the “Poema de Mio Cid,” Don Juan Manuel, Jorge Manrique, Fernando de Rojas, Cervantes, Quevedo, and Calderon de la Barca. Written and oral reports are required. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval, or any 400 level course except SPN 476

This course is a survey of the representative authors of the 18th and 19th centuries - Moratin, el Duque de Rivas, Larra, Becquer, Zorilla and Galdos - with emphasis on neoclassicism, romanticism, and realism in the novel, theater and poetry of the period. Reading and oral reports are required. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval, or any 400 level course except SPN 476

The major authors and literary movements of the 20th century in Spain are studied with emphasis on representative genres. Works of Unamuno, Ortega, Machado, Juan R. Jimenez, Salinas, Garcia Lorca, Cela and others are analyzed. Written and oral reports are required.

Spanish-American Literature This course involves a chronological history of Spanish- American literature from the Colonial period to the 19th century. Readings include selections from el Inca Garcilaso, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, Sarmiento, Jose Hernandez, Palma, Marti, Dario, and others. Written and oral reports are required. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval, or any 400 level course except SPN 476

The major authors and literary movements of the late 19th and 20th centuries are studied. Works of Quiroga, Reyes, Neruda, Vallejo, Carpentier, Borges, Rulfo, Fuentes, Marques and others are analyzed. Written and oral reports are required.

Grammar I (Commercial Spanish I) Designed primarily for Office Administration students, this course develops linguistic skills related to writing business letters and legal documents. The first term covers technical vocabulary and mastery of the language through review of grammar. Open to all students. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval, or any 400 level course except SPN 476

Grammar II (Commercial Spanish II ) A continuation of SPN 455, this course provides intensive practice in linguistic skills involving business letters and legal documents which can be of special value for Office Administration bilingual students. Stress is placed on composition. Open to all students. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval

The evolution of Spanish-American civilization is studied through literature to enhance understanding of present-day problems and potentialities. Emphasis falls on the relevance of the topography of the regions, the Spanish conquest and colonization, conflicts among cultures and religions of the indigenous peoples: Hispanic settlers, Africans, and recent immigrants; oral and written transmissions of traditions; the struggle for independence; movements for political, social, and economic reforms; the cultural obstacles, the emergence of linguistic distinctiveness and the quest for self-realization are studied. Readings are in Spanish, discussions are in English or Spanish. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval, or any 400 level Spanish course except SPN 476

This course is a survey of the literature, culture and civilization of the Greater Antilles (Cuba, Puerto Rico, Santo Domingo, Haiti and, Jamaica) geared to the understanding of their heritage as it is preserved by their languages and their artistic achievements. Readings are mainly in English; class discussions are in English, Spanish, and any other modern language. Prerequisite: SPN 210 or departmental approval, or any 400 level course except SPN 476

This is a study abroad course in which students will enhance their language skills and knowledge of a foreign culture through class meetings, seminars, and on-site visits to places of historic and cultural importance. They will be immersed in the language of the country and attend language and literature courses. Prerequisite: SPN 102 or departmental approval

This course will introduce students to film adaptations of Spanish and Latin American novels, short stories, diaries and theater plays in the context of the literary and film debate: how does film "translate" text? Should the film be "faithful" to the text? If so, faithful to what aspects, plot dialouge, chronology, social and psychological and socioeconomic backgrounds will be included. Special attention will be given to the study of nationality, gender and sexual differences within Spanish and Latin American socieities. Students will examine the connections between text and film, as well as the fundamentals of written and visual identification with hte cinematid and texual apparatus.